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A new cheaper type of non-flammable battery has been developed

Photo: MIT
Photo: MIT

Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have developed a new, cheaper type of battery as an alternative to lithium-ion batteries, which are still very expensive. The new batteries are made of aluminum and sulfur, with an electrolyte of molten salt.

Considering that the production of energy from the sun and wind is developing more and more, the need for systems that will store the produced energy, during the part of the day when there is no sun and wind, is becoming greater. The importance of new batteries is particularly important for such systems, due to their economy. However, Professor Donald Sadoway from MIT states that such batteries could also be used in the automotive industry.

All three ingredients of a new battery are readily available and inexpensive. Aluminum is no different from that from which foil is made, sulfur is often a waste product from the oil refining process, and finally salt which is widely available.

Unlike lithium-ion batteries that contain flammable electrolytes, the new batteries are not flammable.

During the experiments, the battery managed to withstand hundreds of such cycles even at extremely intensive charging rates. Experiments have shown that the charging speed greatly depends on the operating temperature. At 110 degrees Celsius, the battery was charged 25 times faster than at 25 degrees Celsius.

Moreover, it was shown that the battery does not need an external heat source to maintain its operating temperature, but heat is naturally produced by its electrochemical charging and discharging.

The new battery can serve to power a single home or a small to medium-sized business, producing a capacity of several tens of kilowatt-hours of energy storage. Also, a smaller amount of aluminium-sulphur batteries could be practical for charging stations for electric vehicles, says Professor Sadoway.

Katarina Vuinac

EBRD Provides USD 127 Million Loan to Turkey’s Isbank

Foto-ilustracija: Pixabay
Photo-illustration: Pixabay (20926038)

The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) is providing USD 127 million in new funding to Isbank for on-lending to women-led businesses and to facilitate Turkey’s transition to a green economy.

The financing is being made available through the Bank’s Diversified Payment Rights (DPR) programme, an established market instrument used by Turkish banks to raise long-term funding.

The funds will be split between the Turkey Women in Business (TurWiB II) programme, which finances women-led SMEs, and the Turkey Sustainable Energy Finance Facility (TurSEFF III) programme, which supports resource efficiency and small-scale renewable energy investments. With this new investment the EUR 350 million financing made available under TurSEFF III programme is now fully subscribed.

Arvid Tuerkner, EBRD Managing Director for Turkey, emphasized the significance of the funding for a green and inclusive future: “The EBRD remains committed to securing the competitiveness of women-led businesses in Turkey and will continue to expand financial opportunities for women in the economy,” he said. “We are also dedicated to accelerating the country’s green agenda through our investments. We are happy to be working with a credible partner like Isbank in moving towards both of those ambitions.”

In addition, women-led businesses will benefit from risk sharing through the Turkish Credit Guarantee Fund and the Turkish Ministry of Treasury and Finance. They will also have access to advisory, mentoring and networking opportunities, facilitating their access to know-how, non-financial development services and markets.

The new funding under the TurWiB II programme is part of the EUR 600 million in financing dedicated to Turkish women entrepreneurs announced last year by EBRD President Odile Renaud-Basso.

The EBRD is a leading institutional investor in Turkey, with a strong commitment to the country’s green agenda. It has invested more than EUR 16.5 billion in 378 projects in the country since 2009, with the overwhelming majority of those projects in the private sector.

Source: EBRD

ABB and Hydrogen Optimized Expand Hydrogen Partnership, Including a Strategic Investment

Foto-ilustracija: Pixabay
Photo: ABB

ABB and Hydrogen Optimized Inc. (HOI), the Canadian technology innovator unlocking green hydrogen production at scale, have signed an agreement to expand the companies’ existing strategic relationship. This includes an investment by ABB into Key DH Technologies Inc. (KEY), the parent company of HOI, as they seek to accelerate the fast-emerging green hydrogen production segment with unique large-scale architecture. The financial terms of the agreement were not disclosed.

The signing follows the two companies’ showcase of their green hydrogen technologies at the August 23, 2022 German-Canadian Atlantic Renewable Hydrogen Expo in Stephenville, Newfoundland, which was attended by Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau and German Chancellor Olaf Scholz. Hydrogen produced with low-to-zero carbon dioxide emissions is widely recognized as essential to achieving net-zero emissions by 2050.

By accelerating the strategic collaboration between ABB and HOI launched in 2020, the two companies are advancing the deployment of economic large-scale green hydrogen production systems to decarbonize hard-to-abate industries that address a wide range of essential needs – energy, metals, cement, utilities, ammonia, fertilizers, and fuels for aircraft, ships, trucks and rail.

The companies will leverage their respective capabilities and resources to rapidly commercialize HOI’s patented RuggedCell™ high-power water electrolysis technology for the world’s largest green hydrogen plants. Water electrolysis is the process of applying electrical energy to split water into hydrogen and oxygen. RuggedCell™ technology converts renewable electricity such as hydro, solar and wind power into green hydrogen for industry.

“We look forward to building on our companies’ two-year working relationship to pursue the enormous global opportunity of green hydrogen,” said Joachim Braun, Division President, ABB Process Industries.

“Following a rigorous validation of the RuggedCell™ technology, we are confident that, in combination with ABB’s high-power rectifiers, it can become a category leader in the large-scale green hydrogen segment. Our complementary technologies will strengthen the Hydrogen Optimized value proposition and fast-track the commercialization of the RuggedCell™.”

“This agreement positions us for success in the large-scale segment with customers requiring installations in the hundreds of megawatts to multi-gigawatts,” said Andrew T. B. Stuart, President and CEO of KEY and HOI. “ABB’s global footprint, commercial relationships and technology leadership in high-power rectifiers, distributed control systems and manufacturing automation provide us with the market reach and capabilities to achieve our company’s goals.”

Global electrolyzer capacity will reach an estimated 3,100 gigawatts by 2050, according to a June 2022 report published by DNV. The group forecasts that electricity-based green hydrogen will be the dominant form of hydrogen production by the middle of this century, accounting for 72 percent of output.

The proceeds of ABB’s investment into KEY, led by ABB Technology Ventures (ATV), will be used to advance HOI’s intellectual property development, build up corporate capabilities for increased business activity and introduce automated manufacturing and robotics. This will accelerate the rollout of gigawatt-scale electrolyzer manufacturing.

ABB (ABBN: SIX Swiss Ex) is a leading global technology company that energizes the transformation of society and industry to achieve a more productive, sustainable future. By connecting software to its electrification, robotics, automation and motion portfolio, ABB pushes the boundaries of technology to drive performance to new levels. With a history of excellence stretching back more than 130 years, ABB’s success is driven by about 105,000 talented employees in over 100 countries. www.abb.com

ABB Technology Ventures (ATV) is the venture capital unit of ABB (NYSE: ABB). ATV looks for breakthrough technology companies aligned with ABB’s goal to write the future of industrial digitalization. Since its formation in 2009, ATV has deployed around USD 250 million into startups spanning a range of sectors including robotics, industrial IoT, AI/machine learning, energy transition, cybersecurity, electric mobility, smart buildings and distributed energy. For more information, visit www.abb.com/ventures.

KEY DH Technologies Inc. develops innovation-driven businesses in the deuterium and hydrogen industries, serving global markets. KEY’s three main operating companies are: Hydrogen Optimized, a private hydrogen technology company that develops and commercializes the patented RuggedCell™ water electrolysis systems for the large-scale production of green hydrogen; Isowater®, a leading supplier of deuterium oxide to global customers in the life sciences, advanced technology and environmental science sectors; and deutraMed™, a breakthrough deuterium science and innovation company that provides high-value deuterium-containing products for specialized applications along with IP-driven research and services. For more information, please visit www.keydht.com.

Hydrogen Optimized Inc. is a private hydrogen technology company that develops and commercializes large-scale green hydrogen production systems. It is part of Key DH Technologies Inc. Hydrogen Optimized enables the conversion of green electricity into green hydrogen and the transformation of heavy fossil fuel-use industries into sustainability leaders. Our patented high-power RuggedCell™ water electrolysis system integrates a scalable design that is free of iridium and other expensive platinum group metals, and enables low-cost mass manufacturing. It can be deployed for use in green hydrogen plants in the hundreds of megawatts to multi-gigawatt scale. The solution is targeted to major industrial, chemical, utility and energy end users. For more information on Hydrogen Optimized, please visit www.hydrogenoptimized.com.

Source: ABB

Carbon neutral and net zero – what do they mean?

Photo-illustration: Pixabay
Photo-illustration: Pixabay

Whether we’re buying a coffee, booking a vacation or making investments, the jargon around sustainability can be confusing and overwhelming, making it hard to know if we’re making the right choices.

In this article we take a look at some of these terms and dig deeper to investigate whether they remain meaningful tools in the fight against climate change – and consider whether new words are needed to help us in our efforts to save the planet.

Carbon Neutral vs Net Zero – what’s the difference?

In a carbon neutral organization there is a commitment to evaluate the CO2 emissions produced. This is coupled with finding ways to reduce those emissions and with compensating for these by reducing emissions elsewhere, or by removing an equal amount of CO2 from the atmosphere.

This balancing practice is known as carbon offsetting and could involve planting new trees or investing in renewable energy, or with for example bioenergy carbon capture and storage (BECCS).

The term carbon neutral “has been in use for quite some time already,” says Senja Kuokkanen, Sustainability Manager at Neste, a global leader in renewable and circular solutions. “Carbon neutral can cover a defined part of business operations, and typically accounts for CO2 emissions,” and not other greenhouse gases.

“Net Zero is considered the gold standard for corporate climate action”.

Net Zero on the other hand means that a company reduces its absolute emissions across its whole supply chain, in order to support the target to limit global temperature increases to 1.5 degrees Celsius, as agreed in the 2015 Paris climate summit.

The Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi), a partnership between CDP, the United Nations Global Compact, World Resources Institute and the World Wide Fund for Nature, has set out the world’s first Net Zero standard, providing companies with a framework and tools to effectively implement the Net Zero target.

While the newer ‘Net Zero’ term is considered “the gold standard for corporate climate action,” Kuokkanen adds that it isn’t about one term being better than the other; both refer to different actions that are essential parts of the whole as we combat climate change.

Indeed both terms have an important role to play as part of a hierarchy of emissions mitigation work carried out to meet climate targets; this starts off at one end of the scale with avoiding new greenhouse gas emissions altogether, to compensating for any remaining with actions outside your own value chain at the other end of the scale.

Mind your climate change language!

With everyone now talking about climate crises, carbon neutrality and Net Zero targets, should we worry that the green momentum could be dented by buzz words that have little meaning for the wider public?

Climate terms are certainly prone to misuse, says James Cameron, an independent climate advocate who advises organizations including Neste and the climate investment consultancy Pollination Global.

Photo-illustration: Pixabay

With terms like carbon neutral and Net Zero, “we’ve had to construct ideas that motivate action,” says Cameron, who helped negotiate international climate accords including the 1997 Kyoto protocol.

“With terms like carbon neutral and Net Zero we’ve had to construct ideas that motivate action.”

“They are themselves simplifications and have flaws and need to be interpreted, but they are better than not having anything,” he insists.

Even if some companies do overstate their green credentials, the very act of talking about the issue pushes the climate emergency further up the agenda, Cameron believes.

What’s more, the idea of Net Zero “is simple to communicate, when a lot of the other targets and methodologies are quite complicated.”

Kuokkanen agrees that “the amount of enthusiasm around climate topics” is cause for optimism, and “is steering us all in the right direction.”

Source: WE Forum

Elnos Group – Innovation and Boldness are the Key to Success in the RES Field

Foto: Elnos Grupa
Photo: Elnos Group

The expansion of projects that will bring clean and rich sources of renewable energy is reaching incredible levels, and every green kilowatt on the market is worth its weight in gold. One thing is certain, the energy of the future wants to be green. For years, Elnos Group has been an important link in the largest green ventures in the region and in Europe, and the company’s ambitions in this regard are still high.

Today, this company employs more than 630 workers, operates in 15 countries of the region and in Europe, and this year will implement projects with a rich green energy mix of wind, hydro and solar energy.

What certainly sets Elnos Group apart from others is the fact that it has so far defeated the stereotype about the limited possibilities of domestic engineering in the realization of green projects many times. This is clearly supported by the fact that Elnos Group teams have so far participated in the construction of more than 500 megawatts of installed capacity in the field of renewable energy.

Current green projects

Elnos Group teams are an important part of green projects throughout the region this year. They have recently completed the construction of power facilities for the Bogoslovec wind farm (36 MW) in North Macedonia and are currently working on the construction of the Krivaca wind farm (103 MW) in Serbia.

When it comes to solar power, the company started construction of the Bukovica solar power plant (6.25 MW) in Croatia. In Bosnia and Herzegovina, they are intensively preparing for participation in the HPP Dabar venture.

From Iceland and Portugal to Serbia and North Macedonia

Elnos Group is in a very special position in the field of renewable energy by participating in green projects such as: the construction of the Burfell 2 hydroelectric power plant with a capacity of 100 megawatts in Iceland, the installation of the GIS 245/132/12 kV plant for Iceland’s largest geothermal power plant Krafla with a capacity of 60 megawatts, and the design of the Morgavel solar power plant power of 49 megawatts in Portugal.

Photo: Elnos Group

There is also the construction of a 35/400 kV substation and a 2×400 kV two-system transmission line for the largest wind farm in the Balkans – Cibuk 1 with a capacity of 158 megawatts, and the revitalization of the Zvornik hydroelectric plant with a capacity of 125 megawatts, as well as the undertaking of revitalizing small hydroelectric plants in western Serbia.

“In order to succeed in the development of energy in the modern era, you must be committed to progress and to following innovations. We are a company with decades of experience that is always ready to innovate, to change and adapt business to new challenges. We are known for our special way of working, which has been confirmed so far through the successful implementation of a large number of RES projects of which we have been a part. I am convinced that our current position gives us credibility as an important carrier of the development of this area in the future”, said Branko Torbica, Vice President of the Elnos Group Management Board.

HVDC – energy connections of the new generation

HVDC interconnections are key technologies of the new generation, they are increasingly shaping the energy networks of the future. Their construction is one of the biggest challenges of the energy transition. Elnos Group has so far become part of the implementation of as many as three European HVDC projects.

This company is proud that this year it will participate in the construction of the new HVDC interconnection DolWin 5 in Germany for the offshore wind farm that is part of that venture.

Photo: Elnos Group

Until now, Elnos Group teams have been part of the construction of the HVDC interconnection – NordLink, one of the largest European energy links for the exchange of electricity, obtained exclusively from renewable sources, between the power systems of Germany and Norway, and the HVDC interconnection MONITA (Montenegro-Italy), the first energy HVDC interconnection between the Balkans and the EU.

Gold sponsor of the OIE Serbia 2022 conference

Elnos Group is the gold sponsor of the OIE Serbia 2022 conference, which will gather the largest domestic and international experts in the field of renewable energy sources on September 15 at the Metropol Hotel.

Having the same goal in mind – the affirmation of renewable energy sources and an efficient energy transition in the region, Elnos Group has been supporting the work of the RES Association Serbia since its foundation.

Source: RES Serbia

The Construction of Largest Solar Power Plant in Serbia is About to Start

Foto-ilustracija: Pixabay (
Photo-illustration: Pixabay

The construction of Serbia’s largest privately-owned bifacial solar power plant on ground is about to begin. The 9,913 MW solar power plant “DeLasol” will be constructed on over 12 hectares in the area of the municipality of Lapovo.

“The building permit was obtained, as well as all other necessary permits. The construction should begin on September 1 this year. Hopefully everything will go according to plan and the solar power plant “DeLasol” will be fully completed by the beginning of March next year”, said Mr. Miloš Kostić, the investor.

This solar power plant will be connected to the Lapovo substation and will produce 15,000 megawatt hours annually.

The construction of the “DeLasol” power plant was entrusted to MT-KOMEX company, which is a leader in the construction of solar power plants in our country. So far, this company has built and delivered equipment for a large number of solar power plants on the ground and on roofs, with a total installed capacity of 60 MW.

According to the investor, 17,980 solar panels will be installed on specially made SONNEN structures.

“The equipment has already started to arrive and soon everything will be ready for the beginning of the solar power plant construction,” Kostić adds.

As he says, he opted for bifacial or double-sided solar panels because they have the ability to collect sun rays that bounce off the ground and produce electricity more efficiently than power plants with monofacial modules.

Milica Radičević

Decree Limiting Amount of Difference in Purchase Price of Sunflower

Foto-ilustracija: Unsplash (meric Tuna)
Photo-illustration: Unsplash (Jordan Cormack)

The government of the Republic of Serbia adopted the Decree on determining the programme of financial support for agricultural producers of sunflower in 2022 in order to preserve the stability of the income of producers of this oilseed.

The decree was adopted considering that it is necessary to maintain the food security of the population and mitigate the consequences of the current situation caused by the increase in input prices and the drought affecting agricultural production.

At the session, the decree limiting the amount of the difference in the purchase price of sunflower was adopted with the aim of protecting the market and preventing deformations in the formation of the price of sunflower, which predominantly participates in the formation of the price of edible sunflower oil, and which is extremely important for the supply of consumers, especially poorer social category.

At the session, the Decision on the temporary ban on the export of Euro diesel EN 590 was adopted and amended, extending the ban for another seven days.

Adopting this measure will prevent possible damage to the economy and citizens, given that the energy crisis on the world market continues to cause a threat of a critical shortage of this essential commodity for the citizens of Serbia.

Source: The Government of the Republic of Serbia

Extreme Weather in China Highlights Climate Change Impacts and Need for Early Warnings

Photo-illustration: Pixabay
Photo-illustration: Pixabay

Extreme weather – record-breaking heatwaves, severe drought, and deadly rainfall – have battered China since June. The summer of extremes – in China as in Europe – has underlined the importance of the WMO community’s commitment to Early Warning and Early Action and reinforced the need for the ongoing campaign to provide Early Warnings for All in the next five years.

The high socio-economic and environmental cost of the extreme weather has also highlighted the vulnerability of the world’s most populous nation to climate change impacts and the need for urgent action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

“The weather and climate situation in China is severe and complex. Extreme temperature and drought in the South and high precipitation in the North. The superimposed situation of drought and flood has brought challenges to disaster prevention, mitigation and relief work,” said WMO Assistant Secretary-General Dr Wenjian Zhang. “We are clearly witnessing the impacts of climate change.”

Heatwave

In terms of the intensity, impacts, scale, and duration, the regional heatwave in southern China which started 13 June was the strongest since complete meteorological observation records started in 1961, according to the China Meteorological Administration.

By 15 August, the heatwave broke the 2013 record of 62 days. National Meteorological Center (NMC) of China has issued 30 Red high temperature red warnings.

Official climate forecasters predict the current heatwave will only begin to subside on August 26.

Photo-illustration: Pixabay

More than 200 national observatories broke through the historical extreme value of the highest temperature.

Some 1.680 meteorological observatories have had of above 35℃ – covering an area of ​​4.5 million square kilometers in China or almost half of the country’s total land area. The incidence of temperatures of above 40℃ has been the largest on record.

A total of 914 national meteorological observatories (accounting for 37.7 percent of the total number of national meteorological observatories in China) have reached the standard for extreme heat wave events, and 262 of them in Hebei, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong, Qinghai and other places equaled or exceeded the historical maximum temperature records.

Source: WMO

After Landmark UN Declaration, Hope for Cleaner Air

Photo-illustration: Pixabay (Maruf_Rahman)
Photo-illustration: Pixabay

Last month, the United Nations General Assembly passed a historic resolution declaring access to a healthy environment a universal human right.

The resolution has been lauded around the world in recent weeks, raising hopes it will prod governments to tackle a host of long-neglected environmental problems.

At the top of the list for environmental campaigners is air pollution, which is responsible for nearly 10 percent of all global deaths.

“The resolution will empower people to claim their rights to a healthy environment,” said Soo-Young Hwang, a Legal Officer with the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP).  “And the right to breathe clean air is an integral component of the right to a healthy environment.”

Hwang made the comments ahead of the International Day of Clean Air for blue skies, which is designed to raise awareness about the dangers of air pollution.

Precedent-setting

The UN General Assembly resolution, which passed by a 161-0 vote on 28 July, is not legally binding on UN Member States. But its backers say it will have a profound effect on people’s understanding of their rights and encourage states to implement national laws and regional treaties that safeguard the environment.

Air pollution is one of the world’s gravest threats to public health, causing an estimated seven million people to die prematurely every year. While air pollution is a global threat, it is developing countries that suffer the most due to a reliance on wood and other solid fuels, like coal, for cooking and heating. And even within developing countries, the crisis is felt most acutely by low-income and marginalized communities.

Air pollution also takes a heavy economic toll: according to the World Bank, in 2019 alone, it cost the world economy USD8.1 trillion, equivalent to 6.1 percent of global gross domestic product.

Those who have championed the UN General Assembly resolution say that it will help citizens, especially the poor, demand better air quality from governments and multinational corporations that pollute the environment.

Even before the resolution was passed, citizens, civil society groups and conservationists from Brazil to Indonesia have increasingly been using rights-based litigation to demand environmental justice, including the right to clean air.

In March of this year, the High Court of South Africa recognized the “poor air quality in South Africa’s Mpumalanga Highveld region as a breach of residents’ constitutional right to an environment that is not harmful to their health and well-being.”  

National impact

Renée Gift, a Legal Officer with UNEP, said the General Assembly resolution could push more states to develop and enforce national outdoor air quality standards, which she called “integral” to ensuring clean air.

Photo-illustration: Pixabay

According to UNEP’s first global assessment of air pollution legislation in 2021, one-third of the world’s countries have no legally-mandated ambient air quality standards. And in many cases, even when these standards exist, they are not adhered to.

The recognition of the right to clean air at the national level would also create a strong basis for litigation against governments that fail to uphold air quality standards. This is already taking place in many jurisdictions and is likely to increase as a result of the resolution.

There are hopes the General Assembly declaration will have the same impact as a 2010 resolution declaring access to clean water a human right. “What happened with that resolution is that it compelled countries to review their legislation at the national level,” said Hwang.

“What that meant was that water had to be accessible, it had to be affordable, and it had to integrate non-discrimination clauses. This has changed a lot of people’s lives, especially low income people,” she added.

Ultimately, the hope is that the most recent UN General Assembly resolution will not only move the needle on environmental rule of law and the implementation of multilateral environmental agreements on air quality but that it will empower citizens of the world to demand their right to breathe clean air.

As David Boyd, the UN Special Rapporteur on Human Rights and the Environment, said, “having a right to a healthy environment changes people’s perspective from begging to demanding governments to act.”

Source: UNEP

“Energy Efficiency Movement” Ticket to the Success Club

Foto: ABB
Foto: ABB

When electricity prices are reaching their historic highs and the climate crisis is triggering the closure of fossil fuel power plants, it is the right time to think about how we can save electricity in our homes and production facilities.

For many years, ABB has been aiding industry and citizens reduce electricity consumption while maintaining maximum operability. Recently, the “Energy efficiency movement” campaign was launched to turn energy efficiency into a global movement.

We talked to Milan Jevremović, Local Business Manager, Motion at ABB Serbia, who explains that the campaign was launched last year with the intention to create a general movement accepted by state and scientific institutions, companies, and individuals. Only together can we create an ecosystem that can help us all consume less energy.

“Our plan for the campaign is to last four years, and we are monitoring how various companies and institutions are involved. We have a lot of foreign companies that have officially joined the ‘Energy efficiency movement’ as part of their business, and the idea is to continue with that after the campaign is over,” Jevremović said.

The research shows that improving energy efficiency could reduce overall global electricity consumption by about 10 per cent.

The last year has brought a shift when it comes to electric motors after a new standard in terms of energy efficiency was set. In June last year, a new regulation came into force in the European Union, which prevents the sale and use of energy-inefficient motors.

“ABB monitors the development of materials and the quality of energy-efficient motors and complies with current regulations. It is especially important bearing in mind that about 45 per cent of the world’s electricity consumption is made up of electric motors, and it is expected that the number of electric motors will double by 2040”, he explained.

Only energy-efficient electric drives can make a significant difference, says Jevremović, adding that every percentage of savings, even on small home appliances, can make a huge contribution given the millions of such appliances in use.

European countries and their success stories

Almost every responsible company strives to make its business more energy-efficient, and ABB is here to help maximize savings.

Milan Jevremović turned to Ikea, which is consistent with its sustainability strategy and still seeks to reduce total emissions by 80 per cent by 2030. ABB has brought this renowned company closer to this admirable goal through the Energy Efficiency Movement campaign, after which an increase of 25 per cent in the energy efficiency of the system along with a decrease of some 425 tons of CO2 on an annual basis was reached.

Another successful example of improved energy efficiency is the renowned sugar factory in Belgium, which, thanks to ABB, has reduced its electricity costs by 27.42 per cent and its CO2 emissions by nearly 120 tons per year.

These are just some of the companies that, entrusting the energy improvement of their plants to ABB, now operate in the most modern, efficient, and responsible way.

Savings in HHP “Bajina Bašta”

One of the largest reversible hydropower plants in Europe is located in our country. HHP “Bajina Basta” is one step away from significant electricity savings thanks to the static frequency converter successfully commissioned by ABB at the end of April earlier this year.

As Milan Jevremović explained, the installation of a static frequency converter helped HPP “Bajina Bašta” work more efficiently in several aspects.

“I am proud to say that the static frequency converter has been successfully commissioned, and we expect to have the results as planned. We planned the savings around 6 GWh on an annual basis, primarily based on increased operational readiness of hydropower units. In situations when the hydrological situation is favorable, EPS will be able to use the water available in the accumulation much more efficiently”, Jevremović points out.

Foto: ABB

He explains that any such project is important given the current energy situation in Europe, which requires greater investment in renewable energy sources, but also the fact that domestic energy still heavily relies on coal.

“The strength of the SFC and the scale of the project in Bajina Bašta make this HPP practically unique in Europe. This project is also special for ABB, and we are proud to have been a part of it with EPS. EPS announced the construction of another large reversible hydropower plant, and there is also the HPP Đerdap 3 project, which will most likely have an accumulation. We hope that we will help EPS increase the share of RES in the entire production and make sure that such power plants are the most modern and efficient as possible”, our guest said.

ABB cooperates with practically all industries and most industrial consumers in Serbia. These days, a local campaign to improve energy efficiency will be launched through various energy assessments, especially ABB Ability™ energy assessments, and Jevremović expects that many companies will join or express interest in this campaign.

Maximum savings thanks to digital energy estimation

ABB provides its customers with the latest technologies, products, and services and introduces innovations for even greater efficiency. In addition to traditional products, energy-efficient motors or frequency-regulated electric motor drives can also contribute to energy efficiency, especially for pump and fan drives. ABB also provides energy assessment services at various levels that can represent basic energy assessments that require engineering and measuring. Since May this year, a new type of service has been offered that combines energy efficiency and digitalization.

ABB’s digital power consumption assessment service for electric motor drives will rely on data from digitally connected electric motors and variable speed drives (VSDs) to determine where and how large savings can be made using the latest high-efficiency technology.

We call this digital energy assessment. It allows us to further and better analyze electric motors and propose the best solutions for our customers, both for complete factories and parts of electric drive. In this way, our customers can maximize energy efficiency, improve profitability, and reduce CO2 emissions, Jevremović explains.

According to him, it is no longer enough to increase energy capacities, whether renewable or fossil fuels are used. Still, we must turn to energy efficiency that will ensure that our plants and households continue to function normally but with less consumption.

Increasing the capacity of renewable energy sources, although crucial for climate change mitigation and energy independence, is not likely to happen “overnight” and it is therefore important that we do everything in our power to preserve the environment and reduce costs. Hence the energy efficiency, our guest concludes.

Prepared by: Milena Maglovski

Read the story in the new issue of the Energy portal Magazine RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES.

Rhino poaching and illegal trade decline but remain critical threats – new report

Foto-ilustracija: Unsplash (Redcharlie)
Photo-illustration: Unsplash (David Clode)

Overall rhino poaching rates have declined since 2018, and trade data suggests the lowest annual estimate of rhino horns entering illegal trade markets since 2013, according to a new report by the IUCN SSC African and Asian Rhino Specialist Groups and TRAFFIC for the 19th meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), which will be held in Panama in November this year.

Populations of the Critically Endangered Black rhino across Africa have increased by just over 12 per cent between 2018 and 2021, from 5,495 to 6,195 individuals.

Due to ongoing poaching pressure, Africa’s overall White rhino population has declined by almost 12 per cent, from 18,067 to 15,942 individuals, between 2018 and 2021.

“The overall decline in poaching of rhinos is encouraging, yet this remains an acute threat to the survival of these iconic animals,” said Sam Ferreira, Scientific Officer with the IUCN SSC African Rhino Specialist Group. “To support the growth of rhino numbers, it is essential to continue active population management and anti-poaching activities for all subspecies across different range states.”

The report finds that rhino poaching rates in Africa have continued to decline from a peak of 5.3 per cent of the total population in 2015 to 2.3 per cent in 2021. At least 2,707 rhinos were poached across Africa between 2018 and 2021, accounting for both the white rhino (Ceratotherium simum), which is Near Threatened on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, and the rarer Critically Endangered black rhino (Diceros bicornis).

South Africa accounted for 90 per cent of all reported cases, predominantly affecting white rhinos in Kruger National Park, home to the world’s largest white rhino population. As a result, overall white rhino numbers on the continent have declined by almost 12 per cent during this period, while populations of black rhino increased by just over 12 per cent.

Overall, Africa’s rhino population declined around 1.6 per cent per year, from an estimated 23,562 individuals in 2018 to 22,137 at the end of 2021.

According to the report, global lockdowns and restrictions due to the COVID-19 pandemic saw several African countries experience dramatically reduced poaching rates in 2020 compared to previous years. South Africa lost 394 rhinos to poaching in 2020, while Kenya recorded no rhino poaching that year. However, as COVID-19 travel restrictions lifted, some range states reported new increases in poaching activities – for example, South Africa reported 451 and Kenya six poached rhinos in 2021. However, these numbers are still significantly lower than during the peak in 2015, when South Africa alone lost 1,175 rhinos to poaching.

Source: IUCN

Swiss Glaciers Have Lost Half Their Volume Since 1913

Foto-ilustracija: Pixabay (suju-foto)
Photo-illustration: Pixabay (DenisLinine)

A new study, conducted by ETH University in Zurich and the Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, found that Swiss glaciers lost about 50 percent of their volume between 1931 and 2016.

The analysis was carried out relying on the archive of images obtained during the TerrA research, which covers about 86 percent of Swiss glaciers, and analyzed about 21,700 photographs recorded between 1916 and 1947.

Research has shown that parts of the glacier that are located at a low altitude, and that have a large amount of debris, or collapse remnants, and that are under a slight slope, are particularly affected by the loss of their volume.

Such parts of the glacier spread out in the northeast of Switzerland and lose their volume almost twice as fast as those that spread out in the southwestern part of Switzerland.

Switzerland currently has 1,400 glaciers with a total area of about 960 km2 and they make up almost half of all glaciers in the European Alps. Swiss glaciers extend at an altitude ranging from 1357 to 4599 meters.

This kind of research is important because it allows to better understand the impact of climate change on glaciers, the study said.

Energy portal

Serbia Helps Bulgaria Ensure Navigability of Danube

Foto: Joachim Press
Photo: Ministry of Construction, Transport and Infrastructure

Minister of Construction, Transport and Infrastructure Tomislav Momirovic said in Sofia that the government of Bulgaria accepted the help offered by Serbia in the form of machines, which will carry out the intervention dredging works on the Danube as early as next week.

After a meeting with Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Transport, Information Technologies and Communications of Bulgaria Hristo Aleksiev, Momirovic stated that an agreement has been reached on the formation of a working group that will respond to all the challenges of a strategic nature that are ahead of us, due to the wartime circumstances in which Europe found itself, but also the energy crisis.

The Danube is our common highway and is of strategic importance for both countries, Momirovic pointed out, expressing his gratitude to Aleksiev for showing his willingness to give priority to our cargo traffic on their railway transport network, which will supply Serbia with coal.

He pointed out that we manage to ensure the security of coal supply from the rivers for our electricity industry, and he expressed the expectation that in this sense the problem on the Danube in Bulgaria will soon be regulated.

The two officials also discussed the future cooperation between Serbia and Bulgaria in the field of transport, as well as the current activities and plans for the improvement of infrastructure on the railway Corridor 10 and the waterway between the two countries.

Aleksiev said that the started projects will be successfully implemented and that the two sides will work together on future cooperation in the field of river and railway transport.

Source: The Government of the Republic of Serbia

Businesses Have a Role to Play in Achieving Global Food Security. This is What They Can Do

Foto-ilusracija: Unsplash (Iñigo De la Maza)
Foto-ilustracija: Pixabay

Ores mined in war zones have long been subject to heightened attention when it comes to sustainability and reputational risks. Yet in 2022, it is the production and sourcing of ‘soft’ commodities, such as wheat, that are increasingly under scrutiny.

As the conflict in Ukraine continues to escalate, the impacts on sustainable development become more pronounced and the vulnerabilities in global food supply chains increase. Almost half of the world’s calorie intake is derived from essential crops, such as maize, rice, and wheat and, according to World Bank analysis, Ukraine and Russia account for 29 per cent of global wheat exports and 17.4 per cent of the world trade in maize. The supply of crucial cooking oils and fertilisers has also been affected.

Many companies have suspended trade and operations in Russia due to sanctions and stakeholder pressure. While the diplomatic agreement reached to unblock Black Sea trade routes from Ukrainian ports offers some encouragement, uncertainties remain. In addition, concerns over products being obtained under extortion add to the challenges for companies involved in commodity trade throughout the region.

Global baseline for transparency

Most food is produced, processed, traded and distributed by private businesses. At the same time, when an individual company looks at its impacts on global food security in isolation, it often struggles to determine them. Multinational companies may also focus on developed markets, where food security is not a significant concern. The risk is that food security is perceived as a macro ‘development’ issue, which is why expectations for transparency on food security is relatively new for many companies.

The GRI Agriculture, Aquaculture and Fishing Standard (GRI 13), launched in June, helps organizations communicate and disclose their sustainability impacts in a comprehensive and comparable way. This new reporting standard singles out food security as one of the significant issues that companies need to consider, providing a new global baseline for transparency on the topic.

As GRI 13 recognises, there is no silver bullet solution to global food security. A myriad of approaches and actions are needed, including:

Strengthening capacity so farmers can increase production and supply

This includes a newly launched 1.5 billion dollars African Emergency Food Production Facility that is delivering urgently needed seeds and fertilizers and helps producers to cover food shortages in the region. Rising fuel and transportation costs are another pressure on farmers’ incomes, further increasing the vulnerability of small producers. By reporting their contribution to the economic inclusion of farmers, companies can demonstrate the role they are playing and where more action is needed.

Partnerships and collaboration to alleviate global food security concerns

This advocates some companies working with governments and international development institutions. For example, a link-up between the International Finance Corporation and Olam Agri will boost exports of wheat, maize and soy to developing countries. The existing distribution channels of companies can be leveraged in cases of a crisis for a prompt response. This is why GRI 13 recognises partnerships on global food security as key information to report.

Greater action on food loss to ensure more food is preserved for human consumption

According to the Food and Agriculture Organization, globally 13.8 per cent of food is lost from harvest to retail. And, of course, mitigating food loss also brings cost savings and economic benefits, while reporting can help assess the efforts to minimise food loss.

Food sovereignty policies that emphasise local resilience

This will help countries that are largely dependent on food imports to redress the balance and reduce vulnerability to crises in other regions. Localised food production also reduces the distance between producers and consumers. By reporting actions to strengthen food security at the local and regional level, companies can highlight how they address food security locally or regionally.

Trade-offs and compromises

Photo-illustration: Unsplash (Chantal Garnier)

This covers issues related to land use for products or changes to align dietary choices with sustainably produced food. As the EAT-Lancet Commission report outlines, food production needs to shift to be beneficial for human health and the environment. This means businesses must make active decisions about how they are using land and natural resources.

A persistent and pressing challenge

The actions of the companies producing the essential food and materials on which humanity’s survival depends can be a multiplying factor when it comes to the UN Sustainable Development Goals. Given that we are on a trajectory to fail to reach SDG 2 (Zero Hunger), with 800 million people going hungry every day (according to a UN Food & Agriculture Organization report), it’s clear that we need private companies to take greater accountability for their food security related impacts.

Source: World Economic Forum 

How Digital Technology and Innovation Can Help Protect the Planet

Foto-ilustracija: Unsplash (Yaroslav Boshnakov)
Photo-illustration: Pixabay

For many countries around the world, from the US and the UK to China and Japan, July was one of the hottest months since global record-keeping began in the 1800s. The global heatwaves sparked deadly wildfires and displaced thousands of residents from their homes.

But as wildfires subside, many countries, especially in Europe, are grappling with air pollution caused by extreme temperatures.

The harmful wedding of charred habitats and lingering smoke poses a significant danger to human and environmental health. Research suggests that wildfire smoke and related air pollution causes over an estimated 33.000 deaths annually and impact the health of hundreds of thousands of people.

To help tackle air pollution, the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) is working with partners to find technology and innovation solutions to promote major structural transformations that will enhance environmental sustainability, climate action and pollution prevention.

Experts say, in the years to come, a digital ecosystem of data platforms will be crucial to helping the world understand and combat a host of environmental hazards, from air pollution to methane emissions.

“Various private and public sector actors are harnessing data and digital technologies to accelerate global environmental action and fundamentally disrupt business as usual,” said David Jensen, coordinator of UNEP’s digital transformation task force. “These partnerships warrant the attention of the international community as they can contribute to systemic change at an unprecedented speed and scale,” he added.

A new age

UNEP is contributing to that charge through its Digital Transformation programme and by co-championing the Coalition for Digital Environmental Sustainability as part of the Secretary-General’s Digital Cooperation Roadmap.

UNEP studies show that for 68 percent of the environment-related Sustainable Development Goal indicators, there is not enough data to assess progress. The digital initiatives leverage technology to halt the decline of the planet and accelerate sustainable finance, products, services, and lifestyles.

The Global Environment Monitoring System for Air (GEMS Air) is one of the first digital tools used by UNEP to track the state of the environment in real time at the global, national and local levels.

Run by UNEP and Swiss technology company IQAir, GEMS Air is the largest air pollution network in the world, covering some 5.000 cities. In 2020, over 50 million users accessed the platform and its data is being streamed into digital billboards to alert people about air quality risks in real time. In the future, the program aims to extend this capability directly into mobile phone health applications.

Building on lessons learned from GEMS Air, UNEP has developed three other lighthouse digital platforms to showcase the power of data and digital technologies, including cloud computing, earth observation and artificial intelligence.

Managing freshwater

One is the Freshwater Ecosystem Explorer which provides a detailed look at the state of lakes and rivers in every country on Earth.

The fruit of a partnership between UNEP, the European Commission’s Joint Research Centre and Google Earth Engine, it provides free and open data on permanent and seasonal surface waters, reservoirs, wetlands and mangroves.

“It is presented in a policy-friendly way so that citizens and governments can easily assess what is actually happening to the world’s freshwater resources,” said Stuart Crane, a UNEP freshwater expert. “That helps countries track their progress towards the achievement of Sustainable Development Goal Target 6.6.”

Data can be visualized using geospatial maps with accompanying informational graphics and downloaded at national, sub-national and river basin scales. Data are updated annually and depict long-term trends as well as annual and monthly records on freshwater coverage.

Photo-illustration: Pixabay

Combating climate change

UNEP is also using data-driven decision making to drive deep reductions in methane emissions through the International Methane Emissions Observatory (IMEO). Methane is a potent greenhouse gas, responsible for at least a quarter of today’s global warming.

The observatory is designed to shine a light on the origins of methane emissions by collecting data from various sources, including satellites, ground-based sensors, corporate reporting and scientific studies.

The Global Methane Assessment published by UNEP and the Climate and Clean Air Coalition (CCAC) found that cutting human-caused methane by 45 percent this decade would avoid nearly 0.3°C of global warming by the 2040s, and help prevent 255.000 premature deaths, 775.000 asthma-related hospital visits, and 26 million tonnes of crop losses globally.

“The IMEO supports partners and institutions working on methane emissions reduction to scale-up action to the levels needed to avoid the worst impacts of climate change,” said Manfredi Caltagirone, a UNEP methane emissions expert.

Through the Oil and Gas Methane Partnership 2.0, the methane observatory works with petroleum companies to improve the accuracy and transparency of methane emissions reporting. Current member companies report assets covering over 30 percent of oil and gas production globally. It also works with the scientific community to fund studies that provide robust, publicly available data

Preserving nature

UNEP is also backing the United Nations Biodiversity Lab 2.0, a free, open-source platform that features data and more than 400 maps highlighting the extent of nature, the effects of climate change, and the scale of human development. Such spatial data help decision-makers put nature at the heart of sustainable development by allowing them to visualize the natural systems that hold back natural disasters, store planet-warming gasses, like carbon dioxide, and provide food and water to billions.

More than 61 countries have accessed data on the UN Biodiversity Lab as part of their national reporting to the Convention on Biological Diversity, an international accord designed to safeguard wildlife and nature. Version 2.0 of the lab was launched in October 2021 as a partnership between UNDP, UNEP’s World Conservation Monitoring Centre, the Convention on Biodiversity Secretariat and Impact Observatory. 

All of UNEP’s digital platforms are being federated into UNEP’s World Environment Situation Room, a digital ecosystem of data and analytics allowing users to monitor progress against key environmental Sustainable Development Goals and multi-lateral agreements at the global, regional and national levels.

“The technical ability to measure global environmental change—almost in real time—is essential for effective decision making,” said Jensen. “It will have game-changing implications if this data can be streamed into the algorithms and platforms of the digital economy, where it can prompt users to make the personal changes so necessary to preserving the natural world and achieving net zero.”

Source: UNEP

Climate Change Driving Unprecedented Forest Fire Loss

Foto-iliustracija: Unsplash (Samuel Jeronimo)
Foto-ilustracija: Pixabay

Forest fires supercharged by climate change are burning twice as much global tree cover as 20 years ago, according to data published on Wednesday (17 August) showing the equivalent of 16 football pitches are now lost every minute.

The research showed in unprecedented detail how wildfires have progressed over the past two decades, with the blazes claiming an estimated three more million hectares each year – an area the size of Belgium – compared with 2001.

The study showed that the majority of tree cover loss is occurring in the boreal forests that blanket much of Russia, Canada and Alaska, which are among the largest storers of carbon on Earth.

Researchers from the University of Maryland used satellite imagery to map areas of tree cover lost, including that burned by what are known as stand-replacing forest fires.

These are fires that kill all or most of the forest’s canopy and which cause long-term changes to forest structure and soil chemistry.

The data showed 2021 to be one of the worst years for forest fires since the turn of the century, causing 9,3 million hectares of tree cover loss globally.

That was more than a third of all the forests lost last year, according to the data, compiled by Global Forest Watch and the World Resources Institute research group.

“Forest fires are getting worse worldwide,” James McCarthy, research analyst at Global Forest Watch, told AFP.

The European Union’s satellite monitoring service said last week that Western Europe had experienced record fire activity so far in 2022, with tens of thousands of hectares of forest lost in France, Spain and Portugal.

The researchers said that climate change was likely a “major driver” in increased fire activity, with extreme heat waves that render forests tinder dry already five times more likely today than a century and a half ago.

These drier conditions lead to higher emissions from fires, further exacerbating climate change as part of a “fire-climate feedback loop”, they said.

‘Best defence’

The vast majority, some 70 per cent, of fire-related tree cover loss over the last two decades occurred in boreal regions, likely because high-latitude regions are warming at a faster rate than the rest of the planet.

Last year, Russia lost 5.4 million hectares of tree cover due to fires, the highest on record at an increase of 31 per cent over 2020.

Photo-illustration: Pixabay

“This record-breaking loss was due in part to prolonged heatwaves that would have been practically impossible without human-induced climate change,” said the study.

The team warned that increased changes to climate and fire activity could eventually turn boreal forests from a carbon sink into a source for carbon emissions.

“In these boreal regions carbon has accumulated in the soil over hundreds of years and has been protected by a moist layer on top,” said McCarthy.

“These more frequent and serious fires are burning off this top layer, and it’s exposing that carbon in the soil.”

This century, fire-related tree cover loss in the tropics has increased around five percent — some 36,000 hectares – a year, the study showed.

Fire is not the principal cause of forest loss in these regions, with deforestation and forest degradation the main drivers.

But the researchers said that forest loss from deforestation was making it more likely that forests would be lost to fire, as the practice leads to higher regional temperatures and drier vegetation.

They called on governments to improve forest resilience by ending deforestation and limiting local forest management practices that include controlled burning, which can easily burn out of control, particularly during dry spells.

Source: EURACTIV.com