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The World’s First Floating Wind Farm has Already Exceeded Expectations

Foto: Pixabay
Photo-illustration: Pixabay

Hywind is the first commercial floating wind farm, located more than 15 miles off the coast of Aberdeenshire, Scotland in the North Sea. Built by Norwegian conglomerate Statoil, the six turbines came online last October, generating 30MW of power.

Since that time, the wind farm has exceeded expectations, with a 65 percent capacity factor over the last three months. As noted at Ars Technica, capacity factor is a measure of a power plant’s production against its maximum capability. Nuclear plants, for example, have a capacity factor of nearly 100% because they’re always running.

By comparison, according to the U.S. Energy Department, solar photovoltaic generation averaged 27 percent in 2017, with conventional hydropower such as dams averaging about 45 percent. It’s an encouraging development for the future of renewable energy.

The strong offshore winds produce a lot of electricity, but even the huge wind turbines have their limits. The wind farm weathered hurricane Ophelia in October, with gusts of up to 80 mph, followed by a December storm that produced winds as high as 100 mph and 27-foot-high waves.

“Whilst the wind turbines shut down for safety reasons during the worst of these winds, they automatically resumed operation promptly afterwards,” Statoil wrote in a post on its website. “A pitch motion controller is integrated with the Hywind turbine’s control system and will adjust the angle of the turbine blades during heavy winds which mitigates excessive motions of the structure.”

The turbines are massive floating structures, more than 830 feet tall with nearly a third of that below sea level. The blades themselves are more than 245 feet long.

Winds are stronger during the winter months, of course, so the capacity numbers don’t reflect the year-round output. Still, Hywind can power as many as 20,000 homes, and the company is hoping that innovation and technology will drive the price down even further. By 2030, the company wants to lower cost to $50 to $75 per MWh.

“This is an ambitious, but realistic target,” said a Statoil spokesperson. “Optimized design, larger and more efficient turbines, technology development, and larger wind parks will drive down costs, improve infrastructure and logistics.”

The company points out that fixed wind farms can only be built in certain locations close to shore, but their floating turbines aren’t restricted to shallow waters. “The west coast of the USA, Japan, and Hawaii are all places that need a lot of energy and that are consistently windy, but where the sea is very deep,” said engineer Halvor Hoen Hersleth. “Floating wind power is ideal for these areas.”

Source: digitaltrends.com

Kazakhstan to Add 2 GW of Renewables by 2020 – Report

Photo: Pixabay
Photo-illustration: Pixabay

Renewable energy facilities totalling 2 GW are set to be commissioned in Kazakhstan by end-2020, the Astana Times reports, citing energy minister Kanat Bozumbayev.

The capacity will come from about 52 of renewable energy projects that will add to the 55 already operational plants in the country with a combined capacity of 336 MW.

Bozumbayev was also quoted as saying that the renewable energy industry in the Asian country will be supported by around USD 244.2 million (EUR 198.5m) by the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD). The lender will also aim to bring between EUR 40 million and EUR 80 million of private and international investment in the sector, he added.

According to the report, among the companies seeking development opportunities in Kazakhstan’s renewable energy field are US conglomerate General Electric (NYSE:GE) and the Development Bank of Kazakhstan (DBK). The Asian Republic’s long-term goal is to source from renewables and alternative energy plants 50% of its electricity consumption by 2050.

Source: renewablesnow.com

Goshen College Set for Campus Solar Energy Project

Photo: Pixabay
Photo-illustration: Pixabay

A Mennonite college in northern Indiana is planning to install more than 900 electricity-generating solar panels on its campus.

Goshen College says the solar panels will be placed atop the school’s Rec-Fitness Center. The 900-student college says it is undertaking the project with the College Mennonite Church, with which it shares the Church-Chapel building on campus.

Church member David Lapp Jost says the renewable energy project is a testament to the college’s values of environmental sustainability and stewardship. Planners anticipate the project’s power production will offset the chapel building’s electric bill

School officials expect the 924-panel solar array will be installed by the end of March.

Source: sanluisobispo.com

GE Announces World’s Most Powerful Offshore Wind Turbine, The Haliade-X

Foto: Pixabay
Photo-illustration: Pixabay

GE Renewable Energy has unveiled the world’s largest offshore wind turbine, the 12 megawatt Haliade-X which measures in at 260 meters in height and boasting a 220-meter rotor, and is capable of generating enough clean electricity for 16,000 households per turbine.

The mammoth turbine was announced on Thursday by GE Renewable Energy in France, and it represents an impressive glimpse into the future of offshore wind turbines, only a week or so after European wind energy trade body WindEurope highlighted the need for ever bigger and powerful turbines. The Haliade-X 12 MW will produce 45% more energy than any other offshore wind turbine currently available and will be capable of generating up to 67 gigawatt-hours (GWh) annually, enough renewable power for up to 16,000 European households.

And that’s per individual turbine.

The Haliade-X 12 MW will likely first appear in demonstration form in 2019 and begin shipping to wind farms as early as 2021. Boasting a height of 260 meters, which is five times the size of Paris’ iconic Arc de Triomphe, the turbine will come with 107-meter-long blades — the longest blades to date at a length greater than that of a soccer or football field.

The bigger wind turbines get, the more economical we can build offshore wind farms and the greater the size of those projects. Economies of scale works wonders for renewable energy development, and as was highlighted by WindEurope’s Giles Parkinson late last month, we need bigger turbines if we are to meet the necessary renewable energy targets to halt global warming in its tracks.

“The renewables industry took more than 20 years to install the first 17 GW of offshore wind,” said Jérôme Pécresse, President and CEO of GE Renewable Energy. “Today, the industry forecasts that it will install more than 90 GW over the next 12 years. This is being driven by lower cost of electricity from scale and technology. The Haliade-X shows GE’s commitment to the offshore wind segment and will set a new benchmark for cost of electricity, thus driving more offshore growth.”

“The Haliade-X 12 MW will help our customers in an increasingly competitive offshore environment, and through its size and digital functionality provide important value across manufacturing, installation and operation,” added John Lavelle, CEO of Offshore Wind at GE Renewable Energy.

Source: cleantechnica.com

Hong Kong Announces World’s Largest Sovereign Green Bonds Programme

Photo - illustration: Pixabay
Photo-illustration: Pixabay

Hong Kong has announced plans for a green bond programme with a borrowing ceiling of HKD100bn (US$12.8bn) as part of its budget for 2018/19, in a bid “to demonstrate the government’s commitment to promoting green finance”.

The scale of issuances surpasses that announced by the French government in 2016, making Hong Kong’s the largest sovereign green bond issuance programme in the world.

Announcing its new budget last week, the Hong Kong government said the sums borrowed would be credited to the Capital World Reserve Fund to provide funding for green public works programmes. It added that it aims to issue its inaugural green bond in 2018/19.

“The measure will encourage more issuers to arrange financing for their green projects through our capital markets,” the government said.

Having launched its green finance certification scheme last month, the government also said it planned to introduce a green bond grant scheme to subsidise qualified green bond issuers in using the certification scheme.

“We have seen rapid growth in the Asian bond market in recent years, with US$300bn worth of US dollar bonds issued in Asian economies other than Japan last year, 60 per cent more than 2016,” the Hong Kong government said in a statement. “We expect that the Asian bond markets will continue to expand. To encourage more investors and issuers from the Mainland, Asia and along the Belt and Road to participate in the Hong Kong bond market, the government plans to launch an array of measures to enhance our competitiveness, including attracting corporate bond issuance, facilitating investors’ participation and broadening investment platform.”

Sean Kidney, CEO at the Climate Bonds Initiative, welcomed the announcement as a “positive signal to regional and international financial markets”.

“We congratulate Hong Kong for this bold step on Sovereign Green Bonds,” he said in a statement.

However, Hong Kong-based environmental campaign group Green Sense voiced scepticism towards the green bonds programme, stating there was “no clear definition of ‘green public works projects’ and the public can never know what such projects are”.

It suggested this opened to door to funding some “quite controversial” projects.

“The environment is thus damaged, and the extent of lawmakers’ supervision over these projects is disproportionate,” a Green Sense statement said. “‘Green public works projects’ is likely an empty concept, and the funds might eventually be used for more ‘white elephant’ projects.”

The global green bond market is tipped to continue expanding, with S&P Global Ratings recently forecasting issuances will pass $200bn this year, while rival ratings agency Moody’s has put its estimate for 2018 closer to $250bn.

Source: businessgreen.com

Seaweed Sneakers Look Fly, Could Help Save the Environment

Photo: Aaron Nesser
Photo: Aaron Nesser

Would you wear sneakers made from kelp? What if they looked as stylish as any other shoe, and could help reduce the massive impact of the textile industry?

A new textile component called bioyarn could be behind your next environmentally friendly shoes, and seaweed is its secret. The material, developed by the startup Algiknit, is robust enough to be used in footwear, doesn’t dissolve in water, and can even by dyed.

AlgiKnit’s pitch is simple: it’s a bad idea to produce trainers that people might wear out in two years, but won’t biodegrade for decades or even centuries. They call this concept “just-in-time degradability.”

Photo: Aaron Nesser

The fashion industry is known to have a massive impact on the environment, and the materials used to make shoes are particularly troublesome. For example, raising cattle for their leather produces a high amount of greenhouse gas emissions, and current cotton methods are described by the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) as “environmentally unsustainable.” It takes 20,000 liters of water to produce enough cotton for a single t-shirt and a pair of jeans.

The recent trend of “fast fashion” is making things worse, with clothes being designed to be replaced quickly. Outdated outfits are rarely re-used: in the U.S. alone, 13 trillion tons of clothing end up in landfills every year, according to a report from Forbes.

AlgiKnit is taking the “if you can’t beat them, join them” approach. Its shoes AlgiKicks are designed so that they can be broken down by microorganisms, putting the nutrients they contain to good use – but the designers behind the project promise that they won’t start to degrade while you’re still wearing them.

Source: Futurism

World’s Largest Solar Park Launched in Karnataka

Photo-illustration: Pixabay
Photo-illustration: Pixabay

The world’s largest solar park set up at an investment of Rs 16,500 crore at Pavagada in Karnataka’s Tumakuru district was launched by Chief Minister Siddaramaiah today.

The 2,000 MW park, named as ‘Shakti Sthala’, spans across 13,000 acres spread over five villages and is a benchmark in the unique people’s participation in power model put on ground, according to officials.

The park’s development is anchored by the Karnataka Solar Power Development Corp. Ltd (KSPDCL), an entity formed in March 2015 as a joint venture between Karnataka Renewable Energy Development Ltd (KREDL) and Solar Energy Corp. of India (SECI).

The project has been executed within a record time of two years, with zero land acquisition, Siddaramaiah said.

Moreover, the farmers who have leased out their land are reaping greater benefits with Rs 21,000 per acre being offered as rental, an amount which has the scope to grow by five per cent every two years, he said. The beneficiaries of this project were 2,300 Pavagada farmers, he said.

The chief minister said Karnataka has emerged as the third largest producer of renewable energy in the nation and was taking “bold strides” towards emerging as an energy surplus state.

“We have set the goal to source at least 20 per cent of people’s power requirements from renewable projects,” he added.

The park will create employment and act as an incentive for natives and farmers to explore new opportunities of socio-economic growth in the region, state Energy Minister D K Shivakumar said.

“This ambitious project, spanning five villages, looks at farmers as the key partners, as also beneficiaries. Shakti Sthala is creating new job opportunities and economic growth leading to the prosperity of the people of Pavagada,” he said.

The state has witnessed an overall increase in capacity to 2,3379 MW as on January 2018, he said.

Shivakumar said 600 MW solar power generation has been commissioned during December 2017 and balance capacity of 1400 MW will be available by December this year.

Earlier, a 648-mw power project set up by the Adani Green Energy, part of the Adani Group, in Tamil Nadu in 2016 was billed as the world’s largest solar plant.

Source: economictimes.indiatimes.com

Sea Level Rise Continuing To Accelerate Every Year, Study Finds

Photo: Pixabay
Photo-illustration: Pixabay

The rate at which sea level rise is occurring is continuing to increase every year, according to a new study that was published in the journal the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

To be more exact here — the new research found that sea level rise is now (as determined by 25 years of analyzed satellite data) increasing by a rate of 0.08 mm/year every year. If such a rate of increase were to continue it would mean that average world sea levels would rise by 10 mm/year or more by 2100.

The reality is that the rate of sea level rise could increase vastly more than that by 2100, presuming that nonlinear changes to the West Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets were to occur by then, which at this point more or less seems to be a given.

What the new research is saying is that at current rates of increase, sea levels will rise by more than 65 cm (26 inches) by 2100. That presumes no nonlinear changes to the idea sheets of Greenland and West Antarctica, as noted above.

What seems most likely at this point, based on a look back at the records of earlier periods of such warming is that there will be catastrophic sea level rise pulses of some intensity of other within the next 50 or so years. Some of these may well see sea levels rise by as much as 5-10 feet over a period of just a few years.

The geography of Greenland, for instance, is at this point a sort of bowl with perforated edges…and holes in the bottom…filled with ice… assuming nothing but linear change will occur to the Greenland ice sheet when one considers this.

As explained by lead researcher Steve Nerem, a professor of Aerospace Engineering Sciences at the University of Colorado Boulder and CIRES Fellow: “This acceleration, driven mainly by accelerated melting in Greenland and Antarctica, has the potential to double the total sea level rise by 2100 as compared to projections that assume a constant rate — to more than 60 cm instead of about 30. And this is almost certainly a conservative estimate. Our extrapolation assumes that sea level continues to change in the future as it has over the last 25 years. Given the large changes we are seeing in the ice sheets today, that’s not likely.”

In other words, even if sea level rise was to “only” continue accelerating at current rates rather than to vastly speed up over the coming years, as it actually is going to, sea levels would still rise enough by the end of the century to effectively end sea-based international trade in much of the world. It would also be enough to set off truly enormous mass migrations of various peoples across long distances, which would directly trigger warfare and societal collapse on a scale not seen in a long, long time in any regions, and pretty much never on the global scale.

Those that want to comprehend what is coming may want to remember that 2,500 years ago there were no Germanic or Slavic peoples in Europe; 4,000 years ago there were no Celtic peoples in Europe; etc. Much of what is unreflectively assumed to be “truth” in the world is just a matter of collective psychological comfort, more than anything else. Many of these “truths” bring with them deadly blind spots.

It may well be time for many continental “Europeans” to deal with the actual history of the place and the actions of their ancestors, and to comprehend the real reasons that the peoples that reside there now look, speak, and behave, very different from the “Europeans” of just a few thousand years ago. A closer look at the so-called Northern Crusades would also likely be of value to those wanting to better comprehend the skeletons in the closet…and likely futures.

What point am I making here? That big changes are coming, and that a more realistic understanding of what constitutes “truth” to collectives of peoples would likely be of value to many of those reading this. Comfortable long-held assumptions — whether of the “liberal” or “conservative” sorts (neither of which seem to actually exist in any real way in politics anymore) — are likely to be a death sentence, as they both seem to be based largely on inherited, unexamined untruths.

As a side note here — the mass migrations that are due to begin over the coming decades (no, they haven’t truly begun yet — what’s occurred to date is a trickle, to be followed by a deluge) are extremely unlikely to be stopped to any real degree by efforts occurring on a national or continental scale, despite what modern egos may like to say. That’s simply not what history shows.

So, to say it one last time: If you want to know what’s going to happen, then you should try to understand what has actually happened in the past, as the past is the foundation of everything that now exists.

Source: cleantechnica.com

Visa & Daiwa House Commit To 100% Renewable Electricity, Join RE100

Foto-ilustracija: Pixabay
Photo-illustration: Pixabay

Two big names have announced their commitments to using 100% renewable electricity across their operations, digital payments giant Visa and Japan’s largest homebuilder Daiwa House Industry, both of which have also committed to 100% renewable electricity initiative RE100.

The Climate Group, which in partnership with CDP (formerly the Carbon Disclosure Project) created the RE100 initiative, announced this week that both Visa and Daiwa House Industry had made separate commitments to transfer to 100% renewable energy, however, the commitments themselves differ greatly.

Announced on Wednesday during the Climate Leadership Conference in Denver, Colorado, Visa committed to using 100% renewable electricity across all its global operations by the end of 2019. It also announced that it was joining RE100 and the Rocky Mountain Institute’s Business Renewables Center and becoming a signatory to the Renewable Energy Buyers’ Principles, led by World Wildlife Fund.

“We are proud to play a role in driving the adoption of renewable energy,” said Al Kelly, Chief Executive Officer, Visa Inc. “For Visa, this announcement is an example of our longstanding commitment to operate as a responsible, ethical and sustainable company, while fostering economic growth.”

Visa’s commitment reflects intense ambition, considering that Visa only acquires 35% of its global electricity consumption from renewable energy sources at the moment. The company is already making headway with a range of various smart solutions being implemented to reduce its energy consumption, ranging from efficient lighting and controls through to improvements to its data center infrastructure. But Visa’s efforts are also focused on increasing its clean energy and sustainable leadership.

“Visa’s commitment to renewable electricity does not end at our front door,” said Douglas Sabo, vice president and head of Corporate Responsibility and Philanthropy, Visa. “We aim to support broader industry progress in this area by joining the Business Renewables Center as well as signing on to the Renewable Energy Buyers’ Principles.”

Announced a day later, The Climate Group revealed that Daiwa House Industry had committed to source 100% of its electricity from renewable energy sources and double its energy productivity by 2040, leading to it also joining both RE100 and EP100. The move marks the first Japanese company to join EP100 and the first construction company to join both campaigns at the same time.

“Congratulations to Daiwa House – today’s announcement is a double first for Japan and the entire construction sector,” said Mike Peirce, Corporate Partnerships Director, The Climate Group.

“Daiwa House has put cleaner, smarter energy at the heart of its business strategy, knowing it will bring down emissions and boost the bottom line. By committing to EP100 and RE100, and investing in renewable energy generation, storage and innovative technologies, the company is demonstrating tangible leadership to its customers and peers.”

Source: cleantechnica.com

High Court In UK Rules That Current Air Pollution Mitigation Plans Aren’t Enough, Must Be Improved

Photo: Pixabay
Photo-illustration: Pixabay

The air pollution mitigation plans in place in the UK currently aren’t enough on their own to address the issue, and need to be improved, the union’s High Court has ruled, according to recent reports.

The ruling follows from a legal complaint issued by lawyers working for Client Earth, which was intended to spur the government to action on the growing problem.

To be more specific, the judge rules that harmful air pollution levels in 45 different local authority areas in England and Wales required stronger action — and more needed to be done in these areas than is currently being done.

“Good faith, hard work and sincere promises are not enough…and it seems (the) court must keep the pressure on to ensure compliance is actually achieved,” stated Justice Garnham, when handing down the judgment on the issue.

Reuters provides more: “The government’s pollution plans have been criticized by environmental groups which have said the 45 local authority areas would be unlikely to comply with European pollution rules until 2021.”

“Under the EU’s Air Quality Directive, member states were supposed to comply with nitrogen dioxide emission limits in 2010 — or by 2015 if they delivered plans to deal with high levels of the gas, which is produced mainly by diesel engines. Britain’s Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs said it would launch more formal plans for areas with less severe air quality problems.”

The exact wording in the statement from that department reads: “We have already delivered significant improvements in air quality since 2010 and we will continue to implement our £3.5 billion ($4.88 billion) air quality plan.”

Well, maybe so, but maybe that still isn’t enough. Air pollution in some parts of the UK just seems to be getting worse by the year it seems (the same is true of many other parts of the European Union as well, it should realized).

Source: cleantechnica.com

Microsoft Inks First Asia Renewables Deal in Sunseap Rooftop Solar Tie-Up

Foto-ilustracija: Pixabay
Photo-illustration: Pixabay

Microsoft has signed its first renewables deal in Asia, inking an agreement with Singaporean solar firm Sunseap to buy all the electricity from a new 60MW rooftop solar project.

The deal, announced yesterday, gives the green light for a project which will span hundreds of rooftops across Singapore and become the largest rooftop solar project in the country once it is fully up and running later this year.

Microsoft will buy all of the power from the array to power its Singapore data operations for the next 20 years. It said it is on track to exceed its goal of powering half of its global datacentre energy load with clean energy this year.

“Our cloud services are helping to power Singapore’s digital transformation, and today’s agreement will ensure that transformation is increasingly powered by clean energy,” said Kevin Wo, managing director of Microsoft Singapore, said in a statement. “We’re proud to work with Sunseap, the leading solar provider in Singapore, to support the growth of the local clean energy economy.

“With the agreement, Microsoft will improve the sustainability of our local operations and make important progress toward our corporate sustainability goals for datacenters.”

The announcement is the third green energy deal made by Microsoft in the last 12 months, following wind energy deals in Ireland and the Netherlands late last year.

In September Microsoft promised to cut greenhouse gas emissions by three quarters by 2030 against a 2013 baseline, a target it said is in line with the 2C temperature goal set out in the Paris Agreement.

Source: businessgreen.com

World’s First Plastic-Free Supermarket Aisle Unveiled in Amsterdam

Foto-ilustracija: Pixabay
Photo-illustration: Pixabay

The world’s first plastic-free supermarket aisle has opened its doors in Amsterdam today, in what could prove a major advance in the fight against plastic waste pollution.

Shoppers visiting Dutch supermarket chain Ekoplaza’s new store will be able to buy more than 700 products from the plastic-free aisle, including meat, sauces, rice, dairy, chocolate, and fruit and vegetables.

Instead of plastic packaging, goods are contained in glass, metal, cardboard, and new bio-degradeable plastic packaging, with each item bearing a ‘Plastic Free Mark’.

Ekoplaza said the aisle was the first of 74 planned for its stores in the Netherlands this year.

It is a move that steals a march on UK supermarkets, which are under pressure from the UK government to deliver plastic-free aisles for British shoppers following a promise made by Prime Minister Theresa May at the launch of the 25 Year Environment Plan earlier this year.

Campaigners claim the aisle, created in collaboration with Dutch NGO A Plastic Planet, marks a turning point for plastic pollution.

“The introduction of the world’s first Plastic Free Aisle represents a landmark moment for the global fight against plastic pollution,” A Plastic Planet co-founder Sian Sutherland said. “For decades shoppers have been sold the lie that we can’t live without plastic in food and drink. A Plastic Free Aisle dispels all that. Finally we can see a future where the public have a choice about whether to buy plastic or plastic free.”

Ekoplaza chief executive Erik Does said the aisle will act as a testing ground for new forms of packaging. “We know that our customers are sick to death of products laden in layer after layer of thick plastic packaging,” he said. “Plastic Free Aisles are a really innovative way of testing the compostable biomaterials that offer a more environmentally friendly alternative to plastic packaging.”

But some environmentalists remain concerned replacing plastic film with a biodegradeable alternative may not wholly solve the problem of plastic pollution.

Many biodegradeable plastics depend on exposure to UV light to break down – if they get trapped in landfill or float below the surface of water they do not dissolve. There are also fears they could contaminate recycling streams for standard plastics if they are not carefully sorted.

Meanwhile, many retail experts point out that some plastic packaging helps food last much longer, cutting down on food waste – a major source of carbon emissions and wasted energy.

And some experts are concerned that any increase in demand for biomass-based packaging could bring with it significant environmental challenges through growing land use pressure.

Nevertheless, manufacturers and retailers are facing increasing calls from consumers, campaign groups and politicians to cut down on unnecessary plastic waste following shocking images of marine life tangled in the plastic waste blighting our oceans, screened in last year’s hit BBC documentary Blue Planet II.

Along with a push for plastic-free supermarket aisles, the UK government is also considering new proposals for deposit return schemes, levies on coffee cups, and wider plastic taxes in a bid to cut plastic waste.

Source: businessgreen.com

Wind & Solar Could Meet 80% Of US Electricity Demand

Photo-ilustration: Pixabay
Photo-illustration: Pixabay

A new study from US researchers has shown that wind and solar power generation could reliably meet 80% of the country’s electricity demand, and 100% could be met by scaling up energy storage capabilities and capacity.

These are the key findings from a new study published this week in the journal Energy & Environmental Science by scientists from the California Institute of Technology, the Carnegie Institution for Science, and the University of California Irvine. The research is based on 36 years of weather data between 1980 and 2015 which was analyzed by energy experts Matthew Shaner, Steven Davis (of University of California Irvine), Ken Caldeira (of Carnegie), and Nathan Lewis (of Caltech).

“Our team took a simplified approach aimed at understanding fundamental geophysical constraints on wind and solar power,” explained lead author Matthew Shaner. “We looked at solar and wind power availability on an hourly basis across the U.S. and determined how much of current electricity demand could be met by varying amounts of solar panels, wind turbines, and energy storage, in addition to changes in the electricity grid.”

“We looked at the variability of solar and wind energy over both time and space and compared that to US electricity demand,” added Steven Davis. “What we found is that we could reliably get around 80% of our electricity from these sources by building either a continental-scale transmission network or facilities that could store 12 hours’ worth of the nation’s electricity demand.”

Such an expansion, while a tremendous infrastructure project, is not insurmountable, and the researchers found that the investments necessary are not beyond the realm of possibility. Between building a continental-scale transmission network and scaling up existing battery technologies to provide parallel 12-hour storage, or relying entirely on current battery technology to supply the entire necessary electricity demand, the cheaper option is by far the former — while it would still cost hundreds of billions, it’s nowhere near the trillions necessary to rely on batteries.

According to the research, wind and solar power resources complement one another in interesting ways. Peak generating capacity for solar hits in June and July, while wind resources peak in March and April, but slump in July and August. This means that the two sources can alleviate each other’s slow patches.

“The fact that we could get 80% of our power from wind and solar alone is really encouraging,” Davis said. “Five years ago, many people doubted that these resources could account for more than 20 or 30%.

But increasing wind and solar capacity to meet 100% of demand would require much greater and more expensive energy infrastructure changes needed to overcome seasonal cycles and weather events. Specifically, the 100% system would need to have the capability to store the generated electricity for weeks — instead of just hours, and well beyond current economic feasibility — or the ability to generate the surplus electricity, which would not necessarily be used frequently.

“Our work indicates that wind and solar would need to be supplemented by some kind of dispatchable power like natural gas or huge amounts of storage,” Ken Caldeira added. “The natural gas emits greenhouse gases and the storage is super expensive, so we need a search for better ways of supplying electricity when the sun is not shining, and the wind is not blowing.”

Source: cleantechnica.com

Pattern Energy Acquires 206 Megawatts of Japanese Renewable Energy Projects

Photo-illustration: Pixabay
Photo-illustration: Pixabay

California-based independent power company Pattern Energy announced this week that it had acquired 206 megawatts worth of Japanese renewable energy projects and has made a move to acquire controlling interest of Japanese renewable energy developer Green Power Investments.

Pattern Energy Group announced on Monday that it had completed a series of transactions including the acquisition of a 206 megawatt (MW) portfolio of renewable energy projects consisting of two operating solar projects, one operating wind project, and two wind projects currently under construction. Pattern Energy is purchasing the portfolio from its own development company and Japanese renewable energy developer Green Power Investments (GPI).

The portfolio specifically consists of two operating solar projects, the 29 MW Futtsu Solar project located just outside Tokyo in the Chiba prefecture, and the 10 MW Kanagi Solar project located in the Shimane prefecture; one operating wind project, the 12 MW Otsuki Wind project located in the Kochi prefecture; and two wind projects currently under construction — the 33 MW Ohorayama Wind project located on the island of Shikoku, and the 122 MW Tsugaru Wind project located in the Aomori prefecture.

The cash purchase price for the 122 MW Tsugaru Wind project is approximately $194 million, while the cash purchase price for the remaining 84 MW portfolio is listed at approximately $131.5 million.

In addition to the portfolio acquisitions, Pattern Energy also committed to funding the acquisition of a controlling interest in GPI (Pattern Development 2.0), worth an estimated $27 million.

“These investments represent Pattern Energy’s entry into the exciting Japanese renewables market by acquiring a portfolio of projects and by making an additional investment in Pattern Development 2.0 to fund a well-established operating and development management team, GPI,” said Mike Garland, CEO of Pattern Energy.

“Japan is one of the largest electrical grids in the world and has one of the most robust renewable energy markets. Under the Feed-in Tariff power contracts, these initial projects average ¥25,340 per MWh (or the equivalent of $230/MWh at an ¥110/USD exchange rate). GPI’s development pipeline consists of 2.4 GW of projects, including 600 MW of wind capacity which have qualified for FiT contracts. Additionally, we believe that as we grow our portfolio, we will be able to enhance our economics over time with the use of local, low-cost capital.”

Source: cleantechnica.com

Lidija Kesar, NGO FRACTAL: Citizens Have the Right to Know What Kind of Air they Breathe

Photo: Pixabay
Photo: Pixabay

Everyone should be aware of the fact that air pollution is one of the most important problems at the moment in environmental protection in Serbia. If you asked any man in the street if it was important to him what kind of air he breathes and how it affects his health, as well as the health of his children, common sense would surely make him give a positive answer

However, the continuous and concrete interest of the citizens in this problem is missing out. It is sporadic and mostly occurs in ecological accidents or, due to living in the vicinity of large and apparent pollutants that devastate the environment even on daily basis.

Photo: Energetski portal

The passivity of citizens towards the burning problem is not accidental. The awareness is limited, and the responsibility for this primarily belongs to the state. Lidija Kesar from NGO Fractal explained why citizens seem uninterested in what kind of air they breathe:

“It should be pointed out that in general education, little attention is paid to the state of the environment and the effects of this state on public health. Therefore, citizens can not be expected to be ready to monitor the available air pollution information without difficulty. Even in an attempt to get information on their own, most citizens do not know where to nd information of importance. If they find them, they are forced to interpret the tables and charts themselves, to investigate the effects of exceeding the permissible amounts of hazardous substances on health. The data thus rendered become useless and demotivate people to deal with them.”

AIR QUALITY MONITORING

Within the Serbian National Air Monitoring network (SEPA) there are 45 automatic measuring stations (from SEPA network). Only 35 stations for monitoring air quality out of this number of stations have the technical ability to track PM10 particles.

Since 2016, in the SEPA network, PM2.5 particles are monitored at 3 measuring stations for automatic air monitoring (two in Belgrade and one in Novi Sad). The lack of system support in maintaining and servicing equipment that works continuously (without pause) from 2010 to 2015 led to a situation where there was not quantity and quality of valid data needed to assess air quality in three broader urban areas*. From our interlocutor Lidija, we learned the encouraging data, confirmed by the Air Quality Monitoring Department of Serbian Environmental Protection Agency that the line for system reparation was allocated in the state budget at the beginning of the year, and that since April 2017, they have actively been working on necessary maintenance and renewal of the network, and that by the end of 2017, about 60 percent of all network problems will be solved.

* This detail was published in the official annual SEPA report on air quality in the Republic of Serbia in 2015.

Photo: Pixabay

The biggest challenges in implementing regulations at the level of air quality monitoring and informing the public:

  • Unsatisfactory quality and validity of data coming from the state network of automatic air quality monitoring
  • No increase in the number of locations for sampling and measuring heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons throughout the country
  • A small number of stations perform measurements of air pollution at intersections in urban areas, despite the constant increase in the number of vehicles
  • The problem of data relevance coming from local networks of measuring stations where the measurements are carried out by accredited manual methods has not been solved
  • Public information about the state of air has not yet been improved. This includes publishing monthly reports on measurement results from local monitoring network on official sites of cities and municipalities

At the same time, there is insufficient information about the quality of air that should be publicly available. Through the system of state automatic monitoring, a small number stations are monitored, not in the entire territory of Serbia, and Lidija Kesar says that the quality of air, that is air pollution, represents an ecological factor, on one hand, and a health factor, on the other.

“These are two ends of the same problem. Air pollution is largely interpreted from the perspective of quality and environmental protection. Today it is increasingly moving into the domain of public health impacts since the deterioration in air quality has the most direct impact on people and causes respiratory, cardiovascular and malignant diseases. If this issue was treated as a health threat at the state level, but also in the media, more and more people would be interested and able to monitor the state of air quality in their own environment.”

The media, both local and national, should maintain permanent interest in this problem and try to inform citizens daily about the state of air quality as well as to suggest to citizens certain behaviour in case of high concentrations and exceedances. This will also encourage the development of civic environmental awareness and health concerns, which may also contribute to changing personal attitudes and habits.

Prepared by: Nevena Djukic

This content was originally published in the eighth issue of the Energy Portal Magazine ECOHEALTH, in November 2017.

 

Indian Railways Readies 3 Gigawatts Of Solar Power Tenders

Photo-illustration: Pixabay
Photo-illustration: Pixabay

Indian Railways will soon launch tenders to set up large-scale solar power projects working towards its overall solar power target of 5 gigawatts.

Railway Minister Piyush Goyal recently announced that Indian Railways will soon float solar power tenders to set up 3 gigawatts of capacity. These projects will be set up over the unused surplus land that the Railways owns.

While the Minister did not mention about any collaboration with the Solar Energy Corporation of India (SECI) the tenders and auction process would likely go through SECI. Railways, being a government entity, would attract the leading project developers which would likely bid at very aggressive rates.

One such developer already named by the Railway Minister is NLC Limited, a coal mining and thermal power generator. NLC Limited actively participates in solar and wind energy auctions organized by the state government of Tamil Nadu. It has currently has 191 megawatts of operational solar power capacity in Tamil Nadu.

The Indian Railways is reportedly planning to set up a 1 gigawatt solar power park in the state of Madhya Pradesh. The Railways was attracted to the state as it hosts the Rewa solar power park, which is one of the cheapest solar power projects in India. The state’s central location also bodes well for the various regional entities spread across the country.

The current lowest solar power tariffs in India are Rs 2.44/kWh (¢3.8/kWh), while Indian Railways and its regional arms pay around three to four times this rate to various power distribution utilities across the country.

Indian Railways plans to set up 5 gigawatts of solar power capacity over the next few years, which includes a combination of utility-scale and rooftop solar power projects.

Source: cleantechnica.com