On their path to full energy independence from Russia, Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania have successfully synchronized their power grids with the European continental network (CEN). By doing so, the Baltic states have disconnected from the Russian BRELL system, significantly strengthening their energy security and geopolitical position within the European Union.
The synchronization initiative has received substantial support from the EU’s Connecting Europe Facility (CEF) program—over 1.2 billion euros in grants since 2014, according to WindEurope.
A key element of this synchronization is the Harmony Link interconnector between Lithuania and Poland, which enables the integration of the Baltic states into the European grid and increases capacity for renewable energy transmission. Although these countries were already connected to the European power network, additional investments in interconnectors will optimize electricity flows, reduce prices, and ensure a stable energy supply.
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These three countries have achieved remarkable results in transitioning to renewable energy sources. In 2018, they generated more than 60 percent of their electricity from fossil fuels, whereas today, 72 percent of their energy comes from renewables. Wind energy accounts for 28 percent of the total electricity consumption, and its importance will further grow following the disconnection from the Russian system.
All three states are holding auctions for the construction of onshore and offshore wind farms, using simple auctions with Contracts for Difference (CfD), in line with EU recommendations. In addition, they are implementing innovative solutions. Estonia is deploying new radar systems that reduce interference from wind farms, expanding the available area for wind park construction from 10 percent to over 60 percent of the country’s territory. Meanwhile, Latvia has accelerated the issuance of environmental permits for its first 400 MW of onshore wind farms, with additional projects planned in state-owned forests. Lithuania is exploring new ways to electrify industries using wind energy.
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